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Pumped Hydro Storage (PHS)

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Definition:
A large-scale energy storage method that uses surplus electricity to pump water to an elevated reservoir, later releasing it to generate power via turbines.

Key Components:

  • Upper and lower reservoirs
  • Pumping station
  • Hydroelectric turbines

Use Cases/Industries:

  • Large-scale grid energy storage
  • Peak demand management
  • Renewable energy load balancing

Advantages:

  • Long lifespan (50+ years)
  • High efficiency (70-80%)
  • Large storage capacity for extended durations

Challenges:

  • Requires specific geographic conditions (elevation differences)
  • Long permitting and construction timelines
  • High initial capital investment

Related Terms:
Energy Storage System (ESS), Grid Stability, Renewable Energy Integration

Example:
The Bath County Pumped Storage Station in Virginia, USA, is the world’s largest pumped hydro facility, storing over 3,000 MW of energy.

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Synonyms:
Hydro Storage, Pumped Energy Storage, Gravity Storage
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