Definition:
A large-scale energy storage method that uses surplus electricity to pump water to an elevated reservoir, later releasing it to generate power via turbines.
Key Components:
- Upper and lower reservoirs
- Pumping station
- Hydroelectric turbines
Use Cases/Industries:
- Large-scale grid energy storage
- Peak demand management
- Renewable energy load balancing
Advantages:
- Long lifespan (50+ years)
- High efficiency (70-80%)
- Large storage capacity for extended durations
Challenges:
- Requires specific geographic conditions (elevation differences)
- Long permitting and construction timelines
- High initial capital investment
Related Terms:
Energy Storage System (ESS), Grid Stability, Renewable Energy Integration
Example:
The Bath County Pumped Storage Station in Virginia, USA, is the world’s largest pumped hydro facility, storing over 3,000 MW of energy.
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Synonyms:
Hydro Storage, Pumped Energy Storage, Gravity Storage
