Definition:
A renewable energy source that harnesses heat from the Earth’s core to generate electricity or provide direct heating.
Key Components:
- Geothermal Reservoirs: Underground heat sources used for energy extraction.
- Binary Cycle Power Plants: Use secondary fluids to convert heat into electricity.
- Geothermal Heat Pumps: Directly provide heating and cooling for buildings.
- Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS): Injects water to enhance heat extraction.
Use Cases/Industries:
- Electricity Generation: Power plants using steam to drive turbines.
- District Heating Systems: Supplying heat to residential and commercial buildings.
- Agriculture & Greenhouses: Providing controlled heat for year-round growing.
Advantages:
- Consistent & Reliable: Unlike solar or wind, geothermal energy is available 24/7.
- Low Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Produces significantly less CO₂ than fossil fuels.
- Long-Term Cost Savings: Operational costs are low once installed.
Challenges:
- Geographic Limitations: Viable only in regions with sufficient geothermal activity.
- High Drilling & Exploration Costs: Initial investment can be significant.
Related Terms:
Geothermal Heat Extraction, Hot Rock Energy, Direct Use Geothermal
Example:
Iceland generates nearly 90% of its heating from geothermal sources, significantly reducing fossil fuel dependence.
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Synonyms:
Earth Heat Energy, Geothermal Power, Subsurface Thermal Energy
