Ammonia as a Hydrogen Carrier

Definition:
A method of transporting and storing hydrogen in the form of ammonia (NH₃), which can be converted back into hydrogen or used directly as a fuel.

Key Components:

• Ammonia Synthesis: Uses the Haber-Bosch process to combine nitrogen and hydrogen.
• Cracking Technology: Converts ammonia back into hydrogen when needed.
• Storage Tanks: Designed to handle ammonia’s properties safely.

Use Cases/Industries:

• Maritime Shipping: Ammonia is being explored as a fuel for cargo ships to reduce carbon emissions.
• Energy Storage: Provides a stable medium for long-distance hydrogen transport.

Advantages:

• High Hydrogen Density: Stores more hydrogen per volume than compressed gas or liquid hydrogen.
• Established Infrastructure: Uses existing ammonia storage and transport networks.

Challenges:

• Toxicity: Ammonia is hazardous and requires strict handling measures.
• Energy Conversion Losses: Additional energy is required to extract hydrogen from ammonia.

Related Terms:
Hydrogen Storage, Hydrogen Transport, Renewable Ammonia

Example:
Japan is developing ammonia-fueled power plants to integrate hydrogen into its energy system while leveraging ammonia’s existing infrastructure.