Hydrogen Electrolyzers

Definition:
Devices that use electricity to split water (H₂O) into hydrogen (H₂) and oxygen (O₂) through the process of electrolysis.

Key Components:

• Alkaline Electrolyzer: Uses an alkaline solution as the electrolyte.
• Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Electrolyzer: Uses a solid polymer electrolyte for efficient hydrogen production.
• Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell (SOEC): Operates at high temperatures to improve efficiency.

Use Cases/Industries:

• Green Hydrogen Production: Converts renewable electricity into clean hydrogen.
• Energy Storage: Helps store surplus energy from intermittent renewables.
• Industrial Hydrogen Supply: Used in ammonia, methanol, and chemical production.

Advantages:

• Zero-Emission Hydrogen Production: When powered by renewables, electrolyzers generate no CO₂ emissions.
• Scalability: Can be deployed in small or large-scale hydrogen production systems.

Challenges:

• High Electricity Demand: Requires significant amounts of energy, affecting efficiency and cost.
• Capital Costs: Electrolyzer technology is expensive and requires infrastructure investment.

Related Terms:
Electrolysis, Green Hydrogen, PEM Fuel Cells

Example:
A 20 MW PEM electrolyzer in Germany produces green hydrogen using offshore wind power, reducing industrial carbon emissions.